Majority of e-rickshaw drivers in Janakpur and Birgunj operate without licenses

Many e-rickshaw drivers in Janakpur and Birgunj lack proper licenses, creating safety and regulatory challenges. A recent survey shows that about 70 percent of drivers in these cities do not have a valid license, and nearly half have never even applied for one.

Illiteracy and inability to pass the written exam are major barriers. Many drivers have the skill and willingness to operate e-rickshaws but cannot obtain a license due to difficulties in reading, writing, and completing the licensing process.

The absence of licenses has led to multiple problems. Drivers face fines and administrative issues, and in accidents, they struggle to claim insurance or cover compensation. Daily discussions of e-rickshaw accidents at local police stations highlight the frequency and seriousness of these incidents.

In some cases, drivers bypass licensing rules through intermediaries. Local travel agencies and political contacts help drivers avoid police checks, often in exchange for monthly payments. Vehicles with special stickers issued by agencies are usually not stopped, even if they are overloaded or unlicensed.

The survey also found that 48 percent of e-rickshaw drivers do not have any insurance. Only about 21 percent have full insurance, while others have partial coverage or third-party insurance.

Transport authorities acknowledge the challenges but say the licensing process is available. About 8,500 licenses were issued in the last fiscal year, including licenses for private and rental e-rickshaws. Officials encourage drivers to apply and complete the process to improve safety and legal compliance.

Experts suggest that long-term planning and support from local governments are needed to regulate e-rickshaws effectively. Simplifying licensing procedures and providing literacy or exam support could help more drivers operate legally and safely.